Archives of Hellenic Medicine

Last update:

01-Aug-2025

Arch Hellen Med, 42(5), September-October 2025, 610-615

REVIEW

Total hip arthroplasty: Preoperative factors and risks

S.E. Amprachim,¹ C.S. Chatzivasilis,² A. Galanis,³ I. Vlamis³
¹Department of Surgery, "KAT" General Hospital of Attica, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens,
²School of Health Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Patras, Patras,
³Third Department of Orthopedics, "KAT" General Hospital of Attica, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece

The success of total hip arthroplasty (THA) is multifactorial. Proper patient selection, proper planning of the preoperative procedure and the ability of surgeons to effectively restore the hip joint are all parts of it. Preoperative planning is a vital step in performing THA; however, there are factors that can cause adverse effects on patients' postoperative outcomes. Morbid obesity, poorly controlled diabetes mellitus and smoking any tobacco product have been found to be associated with worse postoperative outcomes in patients undergoing THA. In addition, in the preoperative period, opioid use, disordered alcohol use, presence of anemia, malnutrition, poor oral hygiene, cardiovascular disease, Staphylococcus aureus colonization, vitamin D deficiency, depression, neurocognitive and behavioral problems are factors that can lead to positive post-operative outcomes, if properly modified. Optimization of modifiable risk factors enables patients to become partners in their health care, while joint collaboration with healthcare professionals can bring about a better surgical outcome, as well as reduce postoperative complications.

Key words: Modifiable risk factors, Preoperative optimization, Preoperative planning, Total hip arthroplasty.